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Question 1 of 16
1. Question
A 55-year-old man is scheduled to have electrode implantation surgery for the treatment of advanced Parkinson disease. Three days before the procedure, the surgeon discusses the details of the operation, including associated risks and benefits, as well as alternate treatment options. The patient expresses understanding of the discussion and signs the consent form. In the preoperative room on the day of the procedure, however, he becomes anxious and nervously says, “I can’t do this, doctor. I’m sorry. I don’t want to have the surgery anymore.” Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action?
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Question 2 of 16
2. Question
A 47-year-old man comes to the office for follow-up of recently diagnosed hypertension. He was prescribed a generic formulation of lisinopril a month ago. Inspection of the patient’s pill bottle shows 15 tablets remaining of an original 30-tablet supply. Medical history is otherwise unremarkable, and he is taking no other medications. Blood pressure measurement shows no significant improvement from his blood pressure a month ago. Serum chemistry panel, including potassium and creatinine, is also unchanged from prior results. The patient reports no adverse effects from the medication but often forgets to take it. Which of the following would be most helpful in improving this patient’s medication adherence?
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Question 3 of 16
3. Question
A 29-year-old man comes to the urgent care clinic for evaluation of a sore throat and nasal congestion. After waiting for 2 hours, he is taken to an examination room. Vital signs are within normal limits. When the physician enters the room, the patient loudly says, “I’ve been here for hours, and there were barely any people in the waiting room. I’m missing work to be here.” In addition to thanking the patient for waiting, which of the following initial responses by the physician is most appropriate?
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Question 4 of 16
4. Question
A gynecologist in a group practice asks a physician colleague about a patient that the colleague examined earlier that morning. The gynecologist asks why the patient was crying in the waiting room and says that she is close friends with the patient’s parents. The patient was recently diagnosed with breast cancer and will be undergoing radiation therapy. Which of the following is the most appropriate response to the gynecologist?
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Question 5 of 16
5. Question
A male newborn, born at 39 weeks gestation, is evaluated in the labor and delivery unit 2 hours after birth. Prenatal care was limited due to infrequent follow-up, and there were no complications during the delivery. Apgar scores were 7 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Weight is 2.47 kg (5 lbs, 7 oz) and vital signs are normal. Physical examination shows upslanting palpebral fissures, transverse palmar creasing, and widening of the space between the first and second toes. The parents share that they are glad the delivery went well. Which of the following is the most appropriate statement by the physician at this time?
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Question 6 of 16
6. Question
A 65-year-old man who recently emigrated from the Dominican Republic is admitted to the hospital for surgery. He has multiple myeloma and a pathologic fracture of the right humerus. The surgery is completed without complications. Afterward, the patient is alert and oriented but grimaces frequently and appears uncomfortable. He is offered pain medication, but he politely declines. When asked through an interpreter whether he is in pain, the patient replies, “It hurts a lot, but I can bear it and don’t wish to be a burden.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the physician?
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Question 7 of 16
7. Question
A 54-year-old woman comes to the office for a yearly preventive examination. She has no specific concerns. Blood pressure is 144/95 mm Hg and pulse is 86/min. BMI is 50 kg/m2. Examination shows severe obesity but is otherwise unremarkable. Fasting glucose is 128 mg/dL. When the subject of her weight is mentioned, the patient says, “In my family, we just like to eat. My mother is heavy, my father is heavy, and my kids are heavy. There’s no point in trying to lose weight now.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response to this patient’s statement?
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Question 8 of 16
8. Question
A 33-year-old man comes to the office for a routine health maintenance visit. The patient states he wants to make sure he is taking care of his health after his father had a myocardial infarction a few months ago at the age of 61. He has been eating healthy and exercising 3 to 4 times a week. Past medical history is noncontributory, and the patient takes no medications. He shares that his aunt is an herbalist and recently gave him a supplement that is supposed to help prevent cardiovascular disease. The patient asks whether it is okay to start taking the supplement and provides a list of the ingredients, which includes herbs unfamiliar to the physician. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?
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Question 9 of 16
9. Question
A 33-year-old woman is transferred to the university medical center from a small community hospital due to acute pyelonephritis with sepsis. She has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections due to urinary retention related to a spinal cord injury in childhood. On arrival, the patient is febrile and lethargic. She provides no additional history, and the only information available is from poorly legible handwritten notes from the originating hospital. The patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with orders to give imipenem and vancomycin. Overnight, the patient develops a rash and severe respiratory distress requiring brief mechanical ventilation. The following morning, a transcribed physician note from the originating hospital arrives by fax and indicates that the patient has an allergy to multiple antibiotics, including imipenem. When discussing events with the patient and her family, which of the following statements is associated with reduced malpractice liability for the treating clinician?
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Question 10 of 16
10. Question
A 4-year-old girl is sent to the emergency department from her day care center due to fever, right ear pain, and repeated vomiting. Examination shows a bulging, cloudy tympanic membrane associated with erythema, swelling, and tenderness over the right mastoid. CT scan reveals opacification of the mastoid air cells with destruction of bony septa. When the patient’s parents arrive, they report that the patient has had recurrent episodes of otitis media. However, the parents decline antibiotic therapy, stating, “In our family, we believe that natural healing techniques are better than shooting up our children with chemicals.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response to the parents’ statement?
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Question 11 of 16
11. Question
A 29-year-old woman comes to the office for evaluation of vaginal discharge and pruritus for the past week. The discharge is thick and yellow with no associated odor. The patient is sexually active with multiple partners. When asked about the genders of her sexual partners, the patient says, “Why does it matter? I’m pretty sure this is a yeast infection, so I just need some medication.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response at this time?
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Question 12 of 16
12. Question
A 66-year-old, previously healthy woman is admitted to the hospital due to recurrent hemoptysis. Chest x-ray obtained in the emergency department shows a 10-cm perihilar mass in the right lung. The patient undergoes bronchoscopic biopsy, which reveals non–small cell lung cancer. When entering her room to disclose the biopsy results, the physician sees the patient eating lunch with family members and friends who have been at her bedside since admission. They all appear anxious, and the patient tearfully tells the physician, “I’ve been dreading this moment. I think I already know what my test results are.” Which of the following responses by the physician is most appropriate?
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Question 13 of 16
13. Question
A 32-year-old woman comes to the office for follow-up of asthma. The patient reports that her asthma seems to be getting worse and describes increasingly frequent episodes of chest tightness and wheezing over the past several months. She says, “I find myself reaching for my inhaler more often than I used to, and I wonder if I should try a stronger medication.” The patient has an 8-year history of intermittent asthma managed with an albuterol inhaler. She smoked marijuana in her 20s for several years and started smoking cigarettes over the past year. When asked about her tobacco use the patient says, “I’m smoking only half a pack a day or less and I really enjoy it, especially with my morning coffee.” Which of the following is the most appropriate response to the patient?
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Question 14 of 16
14. Question
A 23-year-old graduate student comes to the emergency department after being raped by a man she met at a bar 5 days ago. The night of the incident, the patient recalls a man introducing himself and handing her a drink. Shortly afterward, she left with him and walked to her apartment, but she is unable to remember the remainder of the night. The following morning, the patient awoke to an empty apartment, and her clothes were strewn across the floor. She felt panicky and decided to take a shower to calm down. The patient mentions that she decided to come in for evaluation after talking to campus crisis services earlier today. She states she has not reported the incident to the authorities due to her hazy memory. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial statement by the physician?
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Question 15 of 16
15. Question
62-year-old man comes to the emergency department with his wife due to back pain. He has had no recent falls or injuries. Medical history includes hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. As the physician is trying to obtain additional history, the patient becomes embarrassed and says that he is having trouble understanding because he has hearing loss, and his hearing aid batteries died a few minutes ago. In addition to closing the door, muting the TV, and turning off nonessential medical equipment to decrease ambient noise, which of the following strategies is the best next step to improve communication with this patient?
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Question 16 of 16
16. Question
A 46-year-old woman comes to the office for evaluation of chronic fatigue, concentration difficulties, and intermittent headaches for the past 8 months. The patient says, “I had to start working part-time because I’m so tired and can’t focus, especially when I have a headache.” She pulls out a folder with several case reports on rare presentations of systemic lupus erythematosus and gives it to the physician. The patient says, “I know this is what I have, and I’ve included a list of all the immunologic tests that you need to order.” She has already been to a few physicians for evaluation but felt they did not take her concerns seriously. Which of the following is the most appropriate response to this patient’s request?
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