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[h] Microbiology & Antimicrobials Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ……… work on Neighboring cells of the viral infected cells making them in antiviral state by downregulating protein synthesis to resist potential viral replication and by upregulating MHC I expression to facilitate recognition of infected cells and enhance the activity of T cytotoxic and natural killer cells. Also play a major role in activating antitumor immunity.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEludGVyZmVyb25zLg==

[q] ………. is secreted By macrophages. Also called osteoclast-activating factor. Causes fever, acute inflammation.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTEu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted By macrophages. Causes fever and stimulates production of acute phase proteins.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTYu[Qq]

[q] ……. is secreted By macrophages and Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTgu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted By macrophages. It induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells and activates NK cells.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTEyLg==[Qq]

[q] ……… is secreted By macrophages. It mediates septic shock, Causes cachexia in malignancy and maintains granulomas in TB.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRORi3OsS4=[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted by All T cells. It stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells, and NK cells.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTIu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted by All T cells. Supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTMu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted by Th1 and NK cells in response to IL-12 from macrophages and stimulates macrophages to kill phagocytosed pathogens.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEludGVyZmVyb24tzrMu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted by Th2 cells. Induces differentiation into Th2 cells and enhances class switching to IgE and IgG.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTQu[Qq]

[q] ………. is secreted by Th2 cells. It enhances class switching to IgA and stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTUu[Qq]

[q]……… is secreted by Th2 cells and regulatory T cells. It down-regulate local cytokine production and inflammatory reactions

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElMLTEwLg==[Qq]

[q] …….. is Cytokines available in recombinant form and ↑ Lymphocyte differentiation and ↑ NKs. Used in renal cell cancer and metastatic melanoma.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFsZGVzbGV1a2luIChJTC0yKS4=[Qq]

[q] ……. is Cytokines available in recombinant form. ↑ Granulocytes and macrophages –> used for marrow recovery.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFNhcmdyYW1vc3RpbSAoR00tQ1NGKS4=[Qq]

[q] Which type of vaccine?

– Induces cellular and humoral responses.

– Pro: induces strong, often lifelong immunity.

– Cons: may revert to virulent form.

– Often contraindicated in pregnancy and immunodeficiency

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IExpdmUgYXR0ZW51YXRlZCBWYWNjaW5lLg==

[Qq]Adenovirus (nonattenuated, given to military recruits), Typhoid (Ty21a, oral), Polio (Sabin), Varicella (chickenpox), Smallpox, BCG, Yellow fever, Influenza (intranasal), MMR, Rotavirus

“Attention Teachers! Please Vaccinate Small, Beautiful Young Infants with MMR Regularly!”

[q] Which type of vaccine?

– Pathogen is inactivated by heat or chemicals.

– Mainly induces a humoral response.

– Pro: safer than live vaccines.

– Cons: weaker immune response; booster shots usually required.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEluYWN0aXZhdGVkIG9yIGtpbGxlZCBWYWNjaW5lLg==

[Qq]Rabies, Influenza (injection), Polio (Salk), hepatitis A

(“R.I.P. Always”).

[q] Which type of vaccine?

– Includes only the antigens that best stimulate the immune system.

– Pros: lower chance of adverse reactions.

– Cons: expensive, weaker immune response.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFN1YnVuaXQgdmFjY2luZS4=

SEJWIChhbnRpZ2VuID0gSEJzQWcpLCBIUFYgKHR5cGVzIDYsIDExLCAxNiwgYW5kIDE4KSwgYWNlbGx1bGFyIHBlcnR1c3NpcyAoYVApLCBOZWlzc2VyaWEgbWVuaW5naXRpZGlzICh2YXJpb3VzIHN0cmFpbnMpLCBTdHJlcHRvY29jY3VzIHBuZXVtb25pYWUsIEhhZW1vcGhpbHVzIGluZmx1ZW56YWUgdHlwZSBiLg==[Qq]

[q] Which type of vaccine?

– Denatured bacterial toxin with an intact receptor binding site.

– Stimulates the immune system to make antibodies without potential for causing disease.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRveG9pZCB2YWNjaW5lLg==

LUNsb3N0cmlkaXVtIHRldGFuaSwgYW5kIENvcnluZWJhY3Rlcml1bSBkaXBodGhlcmlhZS4=[Qq]

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