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[h] Microbiology & Antimicrobials Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ……… is a lactose fermenter Enterobacteriaceae, motile, give deep purple/black colonies in MacConkey agar and green metallic sheen on EMB agar.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVzY2hlcmljaGlhIGNvbGku[Qq]

[q] …….. is the most common cause of urinary tract infection in both healthy adults and elderly patients.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEUuIGNvbGku[Qq]

[q] The most common source of E. coli bacteremia is ……..?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHRoZSB1cmluYXJ5IHRyYWN0IChVcm9zZXBzaXMpLg==[Qq]

[q] …………… is the most important virulence factors expressed by uropathogenic E coli.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEZpbWJyaWFlLg==[Qq]

[q] ………….. work by preventing binding of tRNA to the 60S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein synthesis (similar to shiga toxin).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoZSBzaGlnYSBsaWtlIHRveGluLg==

[q] The Labile Toxin of Enterotoxigenic E. Coli is very similar to …………. in both structure and mode of action.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENob2xlcmEgdG94aW4u[Qq]

[q] The LT enterotoxin activates adenylate cyclase by activating the stimulatory Gs membrane G protein resulting in conversion of ATP to cAMP, but …….. stimulates the activity of guanylate cyclase in intestinal epithelial cells leading to formation of cGMP resulting also in loss of fluids from the intestine.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoZSBTVCBlbnRlcm90b3hpbi4=

TGFiaWxlIG9uIHRoZSBBaXIgYW5kIFN0YWJsZSBvbiB0aGUgR3JvdW5kLg==

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

24 years old patient presenting with frequency, urgency, dysuria + urine culture shows lactose fermenter Enterobacteriaceae, motile, give green metallic sheen on EMB agar?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFVyaW5hcnkgdHJhY3QgaW5mZWN0aW9uIChVVEkpIGR1ZSB0byBFLiBDb2xpIGluZmVjdGlvbi4=[Qq]

[q] …………  is considered the major virulence factor among E coli strains that cause neonatal meningitis.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoZSBLMSBjYXBzdWxhciBhbnRpZ2VuLg==

[q] ………….. is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (mechanical hemolysis with schistocytes on peripheral blood smear), thrombocytopenia (due to platelet consumption), and renal insufficiency (due to ↓ renal blood flow), days after bloody diarrhea from eating undercooked Hamburger.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEhlbW9seXRpYy11cmVtaWMgc3luZHJvbWUgKEhVUyku

RS4gY29saSBzZXJvdHlwZSBPMTU3OiBINyBpcyB0aGUgbW9zdCBjb21tb24gc3RyYWluIGFzc29jaWF0ZWQgd2l0aCB0aGUgZGlzZWFzZS4=

[q] …………… is common cause of infantile diarrhea by interfering with water absorption by mucosal cells.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVQRUMgUCA9IHBlZGlhdHJpYyAoZGlhcnJoZWEgaW4gY2hpbGRyZW4pLg==[Qq]

[q] …….. cause bloody diarrhea with a mechanism identical to that caused by shigella spp. but do not produce shiga toxin.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVJRUMgSSA9IEludmFzaXZlIChkeXNlbnRlcnkpLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

25 years old alcoholic patient presenting with fever, productive cough with current jelly sputum, dyspnea + xray shows lobar infiltrate of the lung +  sputum culture shows  Lactose-fermenting mucoid colonies on MacConkey agar?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBuZXVtb25pYSBkdWUgdG8gS2xlYnNpZWxsYSBwbmV1bW9uaWFlLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

19 years old patient presenting with grayish-white discharge with a “fishy” odor that becomes more prominent with addition of potassium hydroxide (Amine whiff test) + Wet mount microscopy of the discharge show clue cells, which are vaginal squamous epithelial cells covered with multiple, small adherent bacteria?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEJhY3RlcmlhbCB2YWdpbm9zaXMgZHVlIHRvIEdhcmRuZXJlbGxhIHZhZ2luYWxpcy4=

QW5hZXJvYmljIEdyYW0tdmFyaWFibGUgcm9kIChtZWFuaW5nIHRoZXkgbWF5IHN0YWluIGVpdGhlciBuZWdhdGl2ZSBvciBwb3NpdGl2ZSku

Bacterial vaginosis is usually treated with metronidazole or clindamycin, but topical regimens may also be used.

[q] Although most infections within the abdominal cavity are polymicrobial, ……….. is a common anaerobic gram-negative bacillus that is frequently isolated.

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[f]IEIuIGZyYWdpbGlzLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

35 years old patient presenting with single hard, painless ulcer on his penis after unprotected sexual intercourse + painless enlarged inguinal lymph nodes + smear of the genital ulcer under dark field microscopy shows motile helical microorganism?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFByaW1hcnkgc3lwaGlsaXMgKGNoYW5jcmUpIGR1ZSB0byBpbmZlY3Rpb24gd2l0aCBUcmVwb25lbWEgcGFsbGlkdW0u[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

35 years old patient presenting with Fever, fatigue, myalgia, headache, and Generalized nontender lymphadenopathy + Maculopapular rash (including palms and soles) + RPR/FTA-ABS is positive?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFNlY29uZGFyeSBzeXBoaWxpcyBkdWUgdG8gaW5mZWN0aW9uIHdpdGggVHJlcG9uZW1hIHBhbGxpZHVtLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

35 years old patient presenting with broad-based ataxia, ⊕ Romberg sign, pupil constricts with accommodation but is not reactive to light + CSF testing of RPR/FTA-ABS is positive?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRlcnRpYXJ5IHN5cGhpbGlzICh0YWJlcyBkb3JzYWxpcykgZHVlIHRvIGluZmVjdGlvbiB3aXRoIFRyZXBvbmVtYSBwYWxsaWR1bS4=[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

Newborn child presenting with rhagades (linear scars at angle of mouth), snuffles (nasal discharge), saddle nose, notched (Hutchinson) teeth, and CN VIII deafness + RPR/FTA-ABS of the mother is positive?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENvbmdlbml0YWwgc3lwaGlsaXMu

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

24 years old patient presenting with fever, chills, headache, myalgia 12 hours after starting treatment with penicillin for syphilis?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEphcmlzY2gtSGVyeGhlaW1lciByZWFjdGlvbiBkdWUgdG8ga2lsbGVkIGJhY3RlcmlhICh1c3VhbGx5IHNwaXJvY2hldGVzKSByZWxlYXNpbmcgZW5kb3RveGlucy4gTW9zdCBjYXNlcyBhcmUgc2VsZi1saW1pdGVkIGFuZCBkbyBub3QgcmVxdWlyZSBpbnRlcnZlbnRpb24u[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

28 years old sewer worker presenting with fever, Conjunctival suffusion, jaundice and azotemia, hemorrhage, and anemia?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEljdGVyb2hlbW9ycmhhZ2ljIGxlcHRvc3Bpcm9zaXMgZHVlIHRvIGluZmVjdGlvbiB3aXRoIExlcHRvc3BpcmEgaW50ZXJyb2dhbnMu

Q29udGFjdCB3aXRoIGFuaW1hbCB1cmluZSBpbiBpbmZlY3RlZCB3YXRlci4=[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old patient who was camping in New England presenting with an erythematous macule that enlarges with an advancing erythematous border as the bacteria migrate slowly through the skin outward from the inoculation site?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVyeXRoZW1hIG1pZ3JhbnMgKEVNKSBkdWUgdG8gaW5mZWN0aW9uIHdpdGggQm9ycmVsaWEgYnVyZ2RvcmZlcmku

RG94eWN5Y2xpbmUgKDFzdCBsaW5lIGFzIGl0IGhhcyB0aGUgYWR2YW50YWdlIG9mIHNpbXVsdGFuZW91c2x5IHByZXZlbnRpbmcgb3IgdHJlYXRpbmcgY29leGlzdGluZyBodW1hbiBncmFudWxvY3l0aWMgYW5hcGxhc21vc2lzLCBhbiBpbmZlY3Rpb24gYWxzbyBjYXJyaWVkIGJ5IEkuIHNjYXB1bGFyaXMp[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

25 years old patient presenting with sudden onset fever that persists for 3 to 7 days and is followed by an afebrile interval of several days to several weeks, then the fever relapse?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJlbGFwc2luZyBmZXZlciBkdWUgdG8gaW5mZWN0aW9uIHdpdGggQm9ycmVsaWEgUmVjdXJyZW50aXMu[Qq]

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