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[h] Microbiology & Antimicrobials Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ………….. is Gram-negative rods that stains faintly with Gram stain; silver stains improve visualization. Culture must be performed on buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) agar supplemented with L-cysteine and iron.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

30 years old patient was on cruise trip presenting with high fever (>39 C), dry cough, mild respiratory distress, neurological symptoms (confusion), and gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea), x-ray finding shows a unilobar infiltrate + Sputum Gram stain often shows many neutrophils, but few or no organisms.

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[f]IExlZ2lvbm5haXJlcyYjODIxNzsgZGlzZWFzZS4gVGhlIGRpYWdub3NpcyBpcyBtb3N0IGNvbW1vbmx5IG1hZGUgYnkgdGVzdGluZyBmb3IgTGVnaW9uZWxsYSBhbnRpZ2VuIGluIHRoZSB1cmluZS4=

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

19 years old patient presenting with bloody diarrhea (blood and pus in stools), and crampy abdominal pain after eating undercooked poultry + culture shows comma or S shaped Gram-negative rod with a polar flagella that allows it to move in a characteristic “corkscrew” fashion, Oxidase +ve, and Grows well at 42.0°C on selective media?

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[q] ……….. is Triple ⊕ Gram-negative comma shaped gastric bacilli with flagella (catalase ⊕, oxidase ⊕, and urease ⊕).

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[q] Urease breath test is a screening assay for the presence of ………., an indirect means of detecting the presence of Helicobacter pylori, a major cause of duodenal ulcer.

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[q] Vibrio cholerae is sensitive to stomach acid and most die in the stomach → Requires high dose if stomach acid is normal. But can cause infection with lower infectious dose in cases of ………, ………., and ………?

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[f]IGJ1ZmZlcmluZyBjYXBhY2l0eSBvZiBmb29kLCBBY2hsb3JoeWRyaWEsIGFuZCBwcm90b24gcHVtcCBpbmhpYml0b3IgdGhlcmFweS4=[Qq]

[q] Cholera toxin increases levels of cAMP by increasing the activity of adenylate cyclase in intestinal mucosal cells by a mechanism identical to that of ………?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old patient presenting with abrupt onset of voluminous massive watery diarrhea, The watery diarrhea is speckled with flakes of mucus and epithelial cells “rice-water stool” + stool culture shows Gram-negative, Comma-shaped rods, Oxidase-positive, and able to grow on alkaline enrichment medium that kills most organisms of the normal flora of the gut?

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[q] Healthy patients with V. vulnificus wound contamination usually develop a mild cellulitis, but those with ……….. or ………….. are at high risk for rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis with hemorrhagic, bullous lesions and septic shock (hypotension, elevated lactic acid level).

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