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[h] Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

During the postnatal visit of 4 month age child placing the infant supine with each hip flexed to 90° followed by abduction with anterior lifting of the hip –> palpable clunk, adduction with posterior pressure on the hip –> palpable clunk + ultrasound showed dislocation of the femoral head from the acetabulum?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IERldmVsb3BtZW50YWwgZHlzcGxhc2lhIG9mIHRoZSBoaXAu

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

6 years old child presenting with insidious onset of hip pain + limping + x-ray below shows a flattened and fragmented left femoral head?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IExlZ2ctQ2FsdmUtUGVydGhlcyBkaXNlYXNlIChMQ1ApIGlzIGEgc3luZHJvbWUgb2YgaWRpb3BhdGhpYyBvc3Rlb25lY3Jvc2lzIChhdmFzY3VsYXIgbmVjcm9zaXMpIG9mIHRoZSBmZW1vcmFsIGhlYWQu

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Obese 12-year-old child with hip/knee pain + altered gait (limping) + x-ray shows the femoral head slips posteriorly and medially relative to the femoral neck (like a scoop of ice cream slipping off a cone)?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFNsaXBwZWQgY2FwaXRhbCBmZW1vcmFsIGVwaXBoeXNpcy4=

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Young adolescents athlete presenting with pain and swelling at the tibial tuberosity + xray show avulsion of the tibial tuberosity?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zZ29vZC1TY2hsYXR0ZXIgZGlzZWFzZSAodHJhY3Rpb24gYXBvcGh5c2l0aXMpLg==

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

3 years old child presenting with pain and tenderness in the elbow after swinging the child by the arms during play by his parents + injured arm held close to the body with the elbow extended (or slightly flexed) and the forearm pronated?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJhZGlhbCBoZWFkIHN1Ymx1eGF0aW9uLiBUaGUgc3VkZGVuIGluY3JlYXNlIGluIGF4aWFsIHRyYWN0aW9uIG9uIHRoZSBwcm94aW1hbCByYWRpdXMgY2F1c2VzIHRoZSBhbm51bGFyIGxpZ2FtZW50IHRvIHRlYXIgZnJvbSBpdHMgcGVyaW9zdGVhbCBhdHRhY2htZW50IGF0IHRoZSByYWRpYWwgbmVjay4=

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

When evaluating child complaing of short stature, you found that he has disproportionate dwarfism although he has normal sized head and chest, normal IQ?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFjaG9uZHJvcGxhc2lhLiBEdWUgdG8gYW4gYWN0aXZhdGluZyBtdXRhdGlvbiBpbiBmaWJyb2JsYXN0IGdyb3d0aCBmYWN0b3IgcmVjZXB0b3IgMyAoRkdGUjMpOyBhdXRvc29tYWwgZG9taW5hbnQu

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Postmenopausal female presenting with multiple nontraumatic vertebral fracture + acute back pain, loss of height, kyphosis + DEXA scan with T-score of ≤ −2.5 + serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are typically normal+ vertebrae shows trabecular thinning with fewer interconnections?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zdGVvcG9yb3Npcy4=

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Patient presenting with bone fracture from minimal trauma + CBC shows pancytopenia + x-ray shows bone-in-bone (stone bone) appearance?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zdGVvcGV0cm9zaXMgKG1hcmJsZSBib25lIGRpc2Vhc2UpLiBkZWZlY3RpdmUgb3N0ZW9jbGFzdHMgZHVlIHRvIGNhcmJvbmljIGFuaHlkcmFzZSBJSSBtdXRhdGlvbiBsZWFkcyB0byBsb3NzIG9mIHRoZSBhY2lkaWMgZW52aXJvbm1lbnQgcmVxdWlyZWQgZm9yIGJvbmUgcmVzb3JwdGlvbiAmIzgyMTE7Jmd0OyB0aGlja2VuZWQsIGRlbnNlIGJvbmVzIHRoYXQgYXJlIHByb25lIHRvIGZyYWN0dXJlLg==[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Child presenting with inward bending of the ribs with anterior protrusion of the sternum that looks like pigeon chest + genu varus + frontal bossing with soft skull + x-ray show epiphyseal widening and metaphyseal cupping/fraying + lab shows ↓ vitamin D, ↓ serum Ca2, ↑ PTH secretion, ↓ serum PO4, ↑ ALP?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJpY2tldHMuIERlZmVjdGl2ZSBtaW5lcmFsaXphdGlvbiBvZiBvc3Rlb2lkIG9yIGNhcnRpbGFnaW5vdXMgZ3Jvd3RoIHBsYXRlcyAocmlja2V0cywgb25seSBpbiBjaGlsZHJlbikuIE1vc3QgY29tbW9ubHkgZHVlIHRvIHZpdGFtaW4gRCBkZWZpY2llbmN5Lg==[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

65 years old patient presenting with bone pain + bowing of the legs + increased hat size + Hearing loss + Radiculopathy + enlarged vertebral bodies with cortical thickening + Isolated elevated alkaline phosphatase + bone biopsy shows a mosaic pattern of lamellar bone?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBhZ2V0IGRpc2Vhc2Ugb2YgYm9uZSAob3N0ZWl0aXMgZGVmb3JtYW5zKS4gQ29tbW9uLCBsb2NhbGl6ZWQgZGlzb3JkZXIgb2YgYm9uZSByZW1vZGVsaW5nIGNhdXNlZCBieSDihpEgb3N0ZW9jbGFzdGljIGFjdGl2aXR5ICh3b3JrcyBpbmRlcGVuZGVudGx5IHdpdGhvdXQgdGhlIHNpZ25hbHMgZnJvbSBvc3Rlb2JsYXN0KSBmb2xsb3dlZCBieSDihpEgb3N0ZW9ibGFzdGljIGFjdGl2aXR5IHRoYXQgZm9ybXMgcG9vci1xdWFsaXR5IGJvbmUu

[Qq]

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Child presenting bone pain that doesn’t affect the range of motion of the joint with systemic signs of infection (fever and leukocytosis) + there is necrotic focus in the metaphysis of the affected bone?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zdGVvbXllbGl0aXMu

VXN1YWxseSBvY2N1cnMgaW4gY2hpbGRyZW4uIEl0IHVzdWFsbHkgYWZmZWN0cyB0aGUgbWV0YXBoeXNpcw==IG9mIGxvbmcgYm9uZXMsIGFzIHRoaXMgcmVnaW9uIGNvbnRhaW5zIHNsb3ctZmxvd2luZywgc2ludXNvaWRhbCB2YXNjdWxhdHVyZSB0aGF0IGlzIGNvbmR1Y2l2ZSB0byBtaWNyb2JpYWwgcGFzc2FnZS4=

Staphylococcus aureus: most common cause (90% of cases).

[q] “What is the most likely diagnosis?”

Child presenting bone pain that doesn’t affect the range of motion of the joint with systemic signs of infection (fever and leukocytosis) + there is necrotic focus in the metaphysis of the affected bone?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zdGVvbXllbGl0aXMu

VXN1YWxseSBvY2N1cnMgaW4gY2hpbGRyZW4uIEl0IHVzdWFsbHkgYWZmZWN0cyB0aGUgbWV0YXBoeXNpcw==IG9mIGxvbmcgYm9uZXMsIGFzIHRoaXMgcmVnaW9uIGNvbnRhaW5zIHNsb3ctZmxvd2luZywgc2ludXNvaWRhbCB2YXNjdWxhdHVyZSB0aGF0IGlzIGNvbmR1Y2l2ZSB0byBtaWNyb2JpYWwgcGFzc2FnZS4=

Staphylococcus aureus: most common cause (90% of cases).

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