[qwiz style=”width: auto !important; min-height: auto !important; border-width: 4px !important; border-color: #0099cc !important; ” align=”center”]

[h] Cardiovascular System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] Hematuria (cola coloured urine), RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine, oliguria, azotemia, Proteinuria in the subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/day), periorbita edema, and hypertension are findings characteristic for (Nephritic or Nephrotic) syndrome?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE5lcGhyaXRpYyBzeW5kcm9tZS4=[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

8 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine, Proteinuria in the subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/day), and hypertension 3 weeks after pharyngitis + Serology findings: High ASO titers with ↓ complement levels (C3) and normal C4 levels + LM shows enlarged, hypercellular glomeruli + E.M shows subepithelial humps + IF shows “starry sky” granular appearance?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFjdXRlIHBvc3RzdHJlcHRvY29jY2FsIGdsb21lcnVsb25lcGhyaXRpcy4=

[q] ………….. is the most important prognostic factor in patients with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFnZS4=[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

40 years old female with history of systemic lupus Erythematosus presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine, Proteinuria in the subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/day), and hypertension + Light microscopy shows inflammation with hypercellularity involving more than 50% of the glomeruli with wire looping + Electron microscope shows subendothelial and sometimes intramembranous IgG-based ICs + IF shows granular IC deposits?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IERpZmZ1c2UgcHJvbGlmZXJhdGl2ZSBnbG9tZXJ1bG9uZXBocml0aXMgKERQR04pLg==[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

8 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine, Proteinuria in the subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/day), and hypertension 3 days after upper respiratory tract infection + Mother reported that the child had the same episode of hematuria 6 months ago + serology shows normal serum complement levels + Light microscope shows mesangial proliferation + Electron microscope shows mesangial IC deposition + IF shows IgA-based IC deposits in mesangium?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IElnQSBuZXBocm9wYXRoeSAoQmVyZ2VyIGRpc2Vhc2UpLg==[Qq]

[q] When IgA nephropathy is accompanied by extrarenal symptoms (abdominal pain, purpuric skin lesions), the diagnosis is ……….?

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[f]IEhlbm9jaC1TY2hvbmxlaW4gcHVycHVyYS4=[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

8 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine, Proteinuria in the subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/day), hearing loss, blindness + basket weave appearance on electron microscope?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFscG9ydCBzeW5kcm9tZS4=[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), hemoptysis after viral respiratory infection + Light microscope shows Crescent moon shape + Electron microscope shows linear deposits of IgG and C3 along the glomerular basement membrane + IF shows linear IC deposits?

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[f]IFR5cGUgMSBSUEdOIChHb29kcGFzdHVyZSBzeW5kcm9tZSku[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), hemoptysis, cough, dysnea, and nasopharyngeal ulcer + Light microscope shows Crescent moon shape + there are no immunoglobulins or complement deposits found by immunofluorescent studies + serology shows CANCA positive antibodies?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEdyYW51bG9tYXRvc2lzIHdpdGggcG9seWFuZ2lpdGlzIChXZWdlbmVyJiM4MjE3O3MpLg==[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old child presenting with Hematuria (cola coloured urine), hemoptysis, cough, dysnea + Light microscope shows Crescent moon shape + there are no immunoglobulins or complement deposits found by immunofluorescent studies + serology shows PANCA positive antibodies?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1pY3Jvc2NvcGljIHBvbHlhbmdpaXRpcy4=[Qq]

[q] Massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine are findings characteristic for (Nephritic or Nephrotic) syndrome?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE5lcGhyb3RpYyBzeW5kcm9tZS4=

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

10 years old child presenting with selective proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine after exposure to bee sting in the garden + light microscopy shows normal glomeruli + Electron microscope shows normal glomeruli + Electron microscope shows a diffuse effacement of the foot processes of podocytes found on electron microscopy + IF fails to reveal any immunoglobulin or complement deposits?

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[f]IE1pbmltYWwgY2hhbmdlIGRpc2Vhc2UgKGxpcG9pZCBuZXBocm9zaXMpLg==

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

33 years old patient with history of HIV presenting with selective proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine + light microscopy shows segmental sclerosis that involves less than 50% of the glomeruli + Electron microscope shows effacement of foot process?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEZvY2FsIHNlZ21lbnRhbCBnbG9tZXJ1bG9zY2xlcm9zaXMgKEZTR1MpLg==[Qq]

[q] ……………… is associated with circulating lgG4 antibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R is a transmembrane receptor found in high concentrations in glomerular podocytes), which might play a role in the development of the disease.

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[f]IElkaW9wYXRoaWMgbWVtYnJhbm91cyBuZXBocm9wYXRoeS4=[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

33 years old patient with history of SLE presenting with selective proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine + light microscopy shows diffuse capillary and GBM thickening + Electron microscope shows spike and dome appearance +  IF shows granular IC deposits?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1lbWJyYW5vdXMgbmVwaHJvcGF0aHku[Qq]

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

33 years old patient with history of Hepatitis C presenting with selective proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine + Electron microscopy shows subendothelial IC with “tram-track” on H&E and PAS E stains + granular IF?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1lbWJyYW5vcHJvbGlmZXJhdGl2ZSBnbG9tZXJ1bG9uZXBocml0aXMgKFR5cGUgSSku

[q] Whats is the most likely diagnosis?

33 years old patient with history of Rheumatoid arthritis presenting with selective proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), frothy urine, hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL), generalized edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria and fatty casts in the urine + Light microscopy shows Congo red stain shows apple-green birefringence under polarized light?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFteWxvaWRvc2lzLg==[Qq]

[q] ……….. is the morphologic sign that is pathognomonic for diabetic nephropathy.

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[f]IE5vZHVsYXIgZ2xvbWVydWxvc2NsZXJvc2lzIChLaW1tZWxzdGllbC1XaWxzb24gZGlzZWFzZSku

[q] Early detection of evolving diabetic nephropathy is accomplished by screening for ………… which is defined as 30 to 300 mg/day in a 24-h collection or 30 to 300 micrograms of protein per milligram of creatinine in a spot collection.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IG1pY3JvYWxidW1pbnVyaWEu[Qq]

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