[qwiz style=”width: auto !important; min-height: auto !important; border-width: 4px !important; border-color: #0099cc !important; ” align=”center”]

[h] Cardiovascular System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ………. should be excluded with measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in patients with unexplained CK elevation.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEh5cG90aHlyb2lkaXNtLg==[Qq]

[q] ………………. should be excluded in patients with unexplained hypercholesterolemia and unexplained menorrhagia.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEh5cG90aHlyb2lkaXNtLg==[Qq]

[q] ………….. by definition is the clinical syndrome whereby tissues are exposed to high levels of thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoeXJvdG94aWNvc2lzLg==[Qq]

[q] …………….. is simply an enlarged thyroid and does not designate functional status. A generalized enlargement of the thyroid is considered a …………..?. An irregular or lumpy enlargement of the thyroid is considered a …………?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEdvaXRlciwgZGlmZnVzZSBnb2l0ZXIsIG5vZHVsYXIgZ29pdGVyLg==[Qq]

[q] In the United States, the most common etiology of hypothyroidism in areas where iodine is sufficient is ……………., an autoimmune process that destroys the cells of the thyroid and affects women more than men?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEhhc2hpbW90byYjODIxNztzIHRoeXJvaWRpdGlzLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

40 years old female patient presenting with Cold intolerance, decrease of sweating, weight gain although decrease of appetite Constipation, fatigue, weakness, depressed mood, and decrease of deep tendon reflexes + high TSH, elevated antithyroid peroxidase (antimicrosomal) antibody, and antithyroglobulin antibodies + Biopsy shows intense mononuclear infiltration consisting of lymphocytes and plasma cells with several germinal centers, follicular epithelial cells undergo a metaplastic change, leading to the formation of large, oxyphilic cells with granular cytoplasm?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEhhc2hpbW90byYjODIxNztzIHRoeXJvaWRpdGlzLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

34 years old female presenting with fever, ↑ ESR, neck and jaw pain, and a tender goiter following flue-like symptoms + Histology shows Mixed, cellular infiltration with occasional multinucleate giant cells?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFN1YmFjdXRlIHRoeXJvaWRpdGlzIChkZSBRdWVydmFpbiYjODIxNztzIHRoeXJvaWRpdGlzKS4=[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

36 years old female presenting with fixed, hard (rock-like), painless goiter, dyspnea and dysphagia + Thyroid Histology shows excessive fibrosis of stroma and inflammation of follicular cells?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJpZWRlbCB0aHlyb2lkaXRpcy4=[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

3 weeks child presenting with hypotonia, Pale, Puffy-faced child with Protruding umbilicus, Protuberant tongue?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENvbmdlbml0YWwgSHlwb3RoeXJvaWRpc20gKGNyZXRpbmlzbSku[Qq]

[q] The most common cause of Congenital Hypothyroidism is …………….?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHRoeXJvaWQgZHlzZ2VuZXNpcyAoVGhlIG1vc3QgY29tbW9uIGNhdXNlOyBhcGxhc2lhLCBoeXBvcGxhc2lhLCBvciBlY3RvcGljIGdsYW5kKSwgd2hpY2ggaGFzIGJlZW4gaW5jcmltaW5hdGVkIGluIDg1JSBvZiBjYXNlcy4=[Qq]

[q]  ………… is characterized by symptoms of hyopthyroidism with ↓ TSH and ↓ Free T4.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFNlY29uZGFyeSBoeXBvdGh5cm9pZGlzbSAoaHlwb3BpdHVpdGFyaXNtKS4=[Qq]

[q] ……….. explains why excessive iodine intake temporarily inhibits thyroid peroxidase –> ↓ iodine organifcation —> ↓ T3/T4 production.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFdvbGZmLUNoYWlrb2ZmIGVmZmVjdC4=[Qq]

[q] …………… is an autoimmune problem in which autoantibody (IgG) is directed against the thyroid receptor.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEdyYXZl4oCZcyBkaXNlYXNlICh0b3hpYyBkaWZmdXNlIGdvaXRlciku[Qq]

[q] Cytokines released by activated T-cells increase fibroblast proliferation and secretion of ………., resulting in mucinous edema and tissue expansion.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGdseWNvc2FtaW5vZ2x5Y2Fucy4=

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

42 years old female presenting with Heat intolerance, increase of sweating, weight loss, Warm, moist skin, fine hair, diarrhea, restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, fine tremors, Tachycardia,  palpitations, exophthalmos and pretibial myxedema with induration and thickening of the skin over the shins + Radioactive iodine shows diffuse iodine uptake + Thyroid histology shows tall, crowded follicular epithelial cells; scalloped colloid?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEdyYXZlJiM4MjE3O3MgZGlzZWFzZS4=[Qq]

[q] …………… is Focal patches of hyperfunctioning follicular cells distended with colloid working independently of TSH due to mutation in TSH receptor. Radioactive uptake shows nodular uptake.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRveGljIG11bHRpbm9kdWxhciBnb2l0ZXIu[Qq]

[q] …………… is an acute, life-threatening, hypermetabolic state induced by excessive release of thyroid hormones. Presents with fever, agitation, delirium, diarrhea, coma, and tachyarrhythmia (cause of death). May see increased ALP due to ↑ bone turnover.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRoeXJvaWQgc3Rvcm0sIGFsc28gcmVmZXJyZWQgdG8gYXMgdGh5cm90b3hpYyBjcmlzaXMu[Qq]

[q] ………….. is iodine-induced hyperthyroidism in iodine-deficient areas.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEpvZC1CYXNlZG93IHBoZW5vbWVub24u[Qq]

[q] The most important difference between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma is ……………..?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGFic2VuY2Ugb2YgY2Fwc3VsYXIgb3IgdmFzY3VsYXIgaW52YXNpb24gKHVubGlrZSBmb2xsaWN1bGFyIGNhcmNpbm9tYSku

[q] Transection of ……….. during ligation of inferior thyroid artery leads to dysphagia and dysphonia [hoarseness].

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHJlY3VycmVudCBsYXJ5bmdlYWwgbmVydmUu[Qq]

[q] Injury to the …………. during ligation of superior thyroid vascular pedicle may lead to loss of tenor usually noticeable in professional voice users.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGV4dGVybmFsIGJyYW5jaCBvZiB0aGUgc3VwZXJpb3IgbGFyeW5nZWFsIG5lcnZlLg==[Qq]

[q] The most common type of thyroid cancer is ……….?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBhcGlsbGFyeSBjYXJjaW5vbWEu[Qq]

[q] ……………. is a type of thyroid cancer that is characterized by large cells with overlapping nuclei containing finely dispersed chromatin giving them an empty or ground-glass appearance, Numerous intranuclear inclusions and grooves, Concentrically calcified structures (psammoma bodies).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBhcGlsbGFyeSBUaHlyb2lkIGNhcmNpbm9tYS4=[Qq]

[q] ………… is the second most common thyroid cancer. Spreads hematogenously (unlike carcinoma) with distant metastasis to the lung and bone. Histologically may be well-differentiated, simulating normal thyroid morphology with capsular and vascular invasion.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEZvbGxpY3VsYXIgdGh5cm9pZCBjYW5jZXIgKEZUQyku[Qq]

[q] Activating mutations of the ………. are strongly associated with medullary thyroid cancer.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJFVCBwcm90by1vbmNvZ2VuZS4=[Qq]

[q] ……….. is the type of thyroid cancer that is histologically characterized by uniform polygonal or spindle-shaped cells with extracellular amyloid deposits derived from secreted calcitonin. Amyloid stains with Congo red.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1lZHVsbGFyeSB0aHlyb2lkIGNhcmNpbm9tYS4=[Qq]

[q] ………… is a type of thyroid cancer that doesn’t resemble thyroid tissue and consists of large pleomorphic cells and large multinucleated osteoclast-like cells.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFVuZGlmZmVyZW50aWF0ZWQvYW5hcGxhc3RpYyBjYXJjaW5vbWEu

[Qq]

[x][restart]

[/qwiz]