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[h] Endocrinology Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ↑ H in acidosis will (increase or decrease) bound form of Ca

(increase or decrease) free Ca.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGRlY3JlYXNlLCBpbmNyZWFzZS4=

[q] ↓ H in acidosis will (increase or decrease) bound form of Ca
(increase or decrease) free Ca.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGluY3JlYXNlLCBkZWNyZWFzZS4=

Jm5ic3A7

[Qq]

[q] ………….. ↑ bone resorption with release of Ca and PO4, ↑ kidney reabsorption of Ca in distal convoluted tubule, and ↓ reabsorption of PO4 in proximal convoluted tubule.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBhcmF0aHlyb2lkIGhvcm1vbmUu

[q] PTH (increase or decrease) serum Ca, (increase or decrease) serum (PO4), (increase or decrease) urine (PO4), (increase or decrease) urine cAMP (second messenger for PTH in the kidney).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEluY3JlYXNlLCBkZWNyZWFzZSwgaW5jcmVhc2UsIGluY3JlYXNlLg==[Qq]

[q] ↓ serum Ca, ↑ serum PO4, ↓ vitamin D are important physiologic signal regulating release of ……..?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBUSC4=

[q] Common causes of ↓ Mg include ………..?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGRpYXJyaGVhLCBkaXVyZXRpY3MsIGFtaW5vZ2x5Y29zaWRlcywgYWxjb2hvbCBhYnVzZSAoMkQsIDJBKS4=[Qq]

[q] High level of PTH stimulates osteoblast to secrete ………. which increases the differentiation of osteoclast precursors to osteoclast.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJBTksgTC4=

[q] ……….. reduces bone resorption by binding to RANK L preventing it from binding to its receptors –> ↓ osteoclast and bone resorption.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE9zdGVvcHJvZ2V0cmluIChPUEcpLg==

[q] ………… is a peptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid gland and lowers plasma calcium by decreasing the activity of osteoclasts, thus decreasing bone resorption.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENhbGNpdG9uaW4u[Qq]

[q] ……….. acts to raise plasma Ca and phosphate by ↑ absorption of dietary Ca and PO4 and ↑ bone resorption with release of Ca and PO4.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHZpdGFtaW4gRC4=

[q] Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by ………………?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IGEgcGFyYXRoeXJvaWQgYWRlbm9tYSBpbiA4MC04NSUgb2YgcGF0aWVudHMgYW5kIGJ5IHBhcmF0aHlyb2lkIGh5cGVycGxhc2lhIGluIHRoZSByZW1haW5pbmcgMTAtMTUlLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

36 Years old patient presenting with muscle weakness, constipation, polyuria, polydipsia, and depression + lab values shows high parathyroid, high calcium, low phosphorus, high alkaline phosphatase, and high urine CAMP?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFByaW1hcnkgaHlwZXJwYXJhdGh5cm9pZGlzbS4=[Qq]

[q] Subperiosteal thinning with cystic degeneration is a characteristic feature of ……….?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFByaW1hcnkgaHlwZXJwYXJhdGh5cm9pZGlzbS4=

[q] Cystic bone spaces filled with brown fibrous tissue is a characteristic feature of ……….?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFByaW1hcnkgaHlwZXJwYXJhdGh5cm9pZGlzbS4=

IA==

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

45 years old patient with history of chronic kidney disease presenting with bone pain + Lab values shows high parathyroid, low calcium, high phosphorus, and low vitamin D?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFNlY29uZGFyeSBoeXBlcnBhcmF0aHlyb2lkaXNtLg==

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

45 years old patient with history of hypertension on diuretics presenting with hypercalcemia and low parathyroid hormone?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1lZGljYXRpb24gc2lkZSBlZmZlY3QgKEh5ZHJvY2hsb3JvdGhpYXppZGUpLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

35 years old patient presenting with mild hypercalcemia at the same time with hypocalciuria with family history of the same condition?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEZhbWlsaWFsIGh5cG9jYWxjaXVyaWMgaHlwZXJjYWxjZW1pYSAoRkhIKSBkdWUgdG8gZGVmZWN0aXZlIEctY291cGxlZCBDYSBzZW5zaW5nIHJlY2VwdG9yIG9uIHBhcmF0aHlyb2lkIGNlbGxzIGFuZCBraWRuZXkgdGlzc3VlLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

38 years old patient with long history of calcium carbonate intake for treatment of osteoporosis presenting with hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis and acute kidney failure?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IE1pbGstYWxrYWxpIHN5bmRyb21lIChNQVMpLg==[Qq]

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