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[h] Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] …….. gives rise to the esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and upper duodenum. These organs are supplied by ……

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[f]IFRoZSBmb3JlZ3V0LCB0aGUgY2VsaWFjIHRydW5rLg==

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[q] ….. give rise to lower duodenum, small intestine, ascending colon, and proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon. These organs are supplied by …..

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[f]IFRoZSBtaWRndXQsIHRoZSBzdXBlcmlvciBtZXNlbnRlcmljIGFydGVyeSAoU01BKS4=

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[q] …… give rise to the distal third of the transverse colon, descending, and sigmoid colon. These organs are supplied by ….

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[f]IFRoZSBoaW5kZ3V0LCB0aGUgaW5mZXJpb3IgbWVzZW50ZXJpYyBhcnRlcnkgKElNQSku

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[q] This midgut rotation allows for the proper placement and fixation of the intestine in the abdominal cavity on a wide-based mesentery. Abnormal rotation and fixation of the midgut early during fetal life results in intestinal malrotation. Two main manifestations of this condition are ……. and ……?

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[f]IEludGVzdGluYWwgb2JzdHJ1Y3Rpb24gKGR1ZSB0byBjb21wcmVzc2lvbiBieSB0aGUgYWRoZXNpdmUgYmFuZHMpIGFuZCBtaWRndXQgdm9sdnVsdXMgKGludGVzdGluYWwgaXNjaGVtaWEgZHVlIHRvIHR3aXN0aW5nIGFyb3VuZCB0aGUgYmxvb2QgdmVzc2Vscyku

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[q] Failure of Rostral fold closure results in ……?

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[q] Failure of Lateral fold closure results in ……?

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[q] Failure of Caudal fold closure results in ……?

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[f]IEJsYWRkZXIgZXhzdHJvcGh5Lg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child born with bowel herniation with no sac covering on the right of the umbilicus?

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[f]IEdhc3Ryb3NjaGlzaXMgKGNvbmdlbml0YWwgYWJkb21pbmFsIHdhbGwgZGVmZWN0KS4=

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R2FzdHJvc2NoaXNpcyByZXN1bHRzIGluIHRoZSBib3dlbCBiZWluZyBleHBvc2VkIHRvIGFtbmlvdGljIGZsdWlkIHdoaWNoIGNhdXNlcyBpbmZsYW1tYXRpb24gYW5kIGVkZW1hIG9mIHRoZSBib3dlbCB3YWxsLiBHYXN0cm9zY2hpc2lzIGlzIGFzc29jaWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBpbmNyZWFzZWQgcmlzayBvZiBjb21wbGljYXRpb24u

[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child born with bowel herniation surrounded by peritoneum, Karyotype testing of the patient shows trisomy 13?

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[f]IE9tcGhhbG9jZWxlLiBJdCByZXN1bHRzIGZyb20gZmFpbHVyZSBvZiB0aGUgR0kgc2FjIHRvIHJldHJhY3QgYXQgMTAtMTIgd2Vla3MgZ2VzdGF0aW9uLg==

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

African American newborn that was born prematurely presenting with soft, non-tender bulge covered by skin that protrudes during crying, coughing, or straining?

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[f]IENvbmdlbml0YWwgdW1iaWxpY2FsIGhlcm5pYS4gQW4gdW1iaWxpY2FsIGhlcm5pYSBpcyBkdWUgdG8gaW5jb21wbGV0ZSBjbG9zdXJlIG9mIHRoZSBhYmRvbWluYWwgbXVzY2xlcyBhcm91bmQgdGhlIHVtYmlsaWNhbCByaW5nIGF0IGJpcnRoLg==[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child presenting with vomiting with first feeding, choking/coughing and cyanosis, mother has history of polyhydramnios in her prenatal period, Coiling of the NG tube seen on CXR and an inability to pass it into the stomach, abdomen x-rays shows prominent gastric bubble?

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[f]IEVzb3BoYWdlYWwgYXRyZXNpYSAoRUEpIHdpdGggZGlzdGFsIHRyYWNoZW9lc29waGFnZWFsIGZpc3R1bGEgKFRFRiku

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

2 months age old male child presenting with Nonbilious projectile vomiting after formula feeding+ during examination there is palpable mass the size of an olive felt in the epigastric region + abdominal auscultation reveals a succussion splash sound + ABG shows hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis?

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[f]IEh5cGVydHJvcGhpYyBweWxvcmljIHN0ZW5vc2lzLg==

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child presenting with bilious vomiting and dilation of stomach and proximal duodenum + “double bubble” on x-ray and no distal intestinal gas + Prenatal ultrasound shows polyhydramnios + karyotype analysis of the child shows trisomy 21?

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[f]IER1b2RlbmFsIGF0cmVzaWEuIExhY2sgb3IgYWJzZW5jZSBvZiBhcG9wdG9zaXMgKHByb2dyYW1tZWQgY2VsbCBkZWF0aCkgdGhhdCBsZWFkcyB0byA=aW1wcm9wZXIgY2FuYWxpemF0aW9uIG9mIHRoZSBsdW1lbiBvZiB0aGUgZHVvZGVudW0=ICYjODIxMjsmZ3Q7IGR1b2RlbmFsIGF0cmVzaWEu

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[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child presenting with bilious vomiting and dilation of stomach, duodenum and jejunum + “triple bubble” on x-ray and no distal intestinal gas + Prenatal ultrasound shows polyhydramnios + history of maternal use of cocaine?

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[f]IEplanVuYWwgYW5kIGlsZWFsIGF0cmVzaWEuIEF0cmVzaWEgb2YgdGhlIGplanVudW0gb3IgaWxldW0gaXMgdGhvdWdodCB0byBvY2N1ciBkdWUgdG8gYSA=dmFzY3VsYXIgYWNjaWRlbnQgaW4gdXRlcm8=IHRoYXQgY2F1c2VzIG5lY3Jvc2lzIGFuZCByZXNvcnB0aW9uIG9mIHRoZSBmZXRhbCBpbnRlc3RpbmUsIHNlYWxpbmcgb2ZmIGFuZCBsZWF2aW5nIGJlaGluZCBibGluZCBwcm94aW1hbCBhbmQgZGlzdGFsIGVuZHMgb2YgaW50ZXN0aW5lIChib3dlbCBkaXNjb250aW51aXR5IG9yIOKAnGFwcGxlIHBlZWzigJ0pLg==

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[Qq]

[q] If a major vessel is occluded, (such as the superior mesenteric artery), the area of intestinal wall necrosis is large. This causes the formation of a blind-ending proximal jejunum with dissolution of a long length of small bowel and absence of the associated dorsal mesentery. The terminal ileum distal to the atresia assumes a spiral configuration around an ileocolic vessel. This specific appearance is known as  ……?

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[f]IMKgJiM4MjIwO2FwcGxlLXBlZWwmIzgyMjE7IG9yICYjODIyMDtDaHJpc3RtYXMgdHJlZSYjODIyMTsgZGVmb3JtaXR5Lg==

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[q] ……. arises in the dorsal mesentery of stomach (hence is mesodermal) but has foregut supply.

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[q] Pancreas is derived from (foregut, midgut, hindgut)?

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[q] ………. contribute to uncinate process and main pancreatic duct.

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[q] ….. alone becomes the body, tail, isthmus, and accessory pancreatic duct.

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[f]IERvcnNhbCBwYW5jcmVhdGljIGJ1ZC4=[Qq]

[q] Pancreas divisum occurs when the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds ……; the pancreatic secretions are instead drained via two separate duct systems.

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[f]IEZhaWwgdG8gZnVzZS4gTW9zdGx5IGFzeW1wdG9tYXRpYywgYnV0IG1heSBjYXVzZSBjaHJvbmljIGFiZG9taW5hbCBwYWluIGFuZC9vciBwYW5jcmVhdGl0aXMu

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[q] ….. leads to an annular pancreas, a rare congenital anomaly that can compress the duodenal lumen, causing duodenal stenosis or result in obstructed pancreatic drainage (acute or chronic pancreatitis).

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[f]IEFibm9ybWFsIG1pZ3JhdGlvbiBvZiB0aGUgdmVudHJhbCBwYW5jcmVhdGljIGJ1ZC4=

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn child presenting with inability to pass meconium + during examination there is abnormal development of anorectal structures.

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[f]IEltcGVyZm9yYXRlIGFudXMu

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