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[h] Cardiovascular System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] Morbid obesity may cause restrictive lung pattern in PFT but with (Normal or decreased) DLCO.

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[q] Insidious-onset progressive exertional dyspnea, pulmonary function tests showing a restrictive profile, and surgical biopsy showing extensive interstitial fibrosis together with paraseptal and subpleural cystic airspace enlargement (honeycomb lung) are characteristic of …………?

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[q] ………… is a drug frequently used for rheumatoid arthritis treatment that can also cause interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis.

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[q] Asbestos is a material used with insulating properties that can cause Pneumoconiosis. It usually affects (upper or lower) lobe of the lung.

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 Silica, beryllium, and coal are from the base (earth), but affect the roof (upper lobes).

[q] Fibrocalcific plaques on the parietal pleura are a hallmark of ………… exposure that typically affect the parietal pleura along the lower lungs and diaphragm.

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[q] ………… is characterized by progressive pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes and by the presence of ferruginous bodies which are golden-brown fusiform rods resembling dumbbells, found in alveolar septum sputum sample, visualized using Prussian blue stain, often obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage.

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[q] ……….. develops in 25% of heavily exposed asbestos workers and is the most common cause of death in this population.

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[q] ……………. is a rare malignancy of the pleura for which asbestos is the only known environmental risk factor. Histopathology shows tumor cells with numerous long, slender microvilli and abundant tonofilaments which stain positive for cytokeratins and may also stain positive for calretinin.

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[q] ……….. is associated with exposure to aerospace and manufacturing industries. Start as noncaseating granuloma and therefore occasionally responsive to steroids. Affects upper lobes.

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[q] ……….. is associated with prolonged coal dust exposure. Also known as black lung disease. Affects upper lobes.

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[q] ……….. may disrupt phagolysosomes and impair macrophages, increasing susceptibility to TB. Affects upper lobes and is distinguished by eggshell calcification of hilar nodes and birefringent silica particles surrounded by fibrous tissue.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

34 years old female farmer presenting with fever, cough, and dyspnea after exposure to pigeon drooping. Lung biopsy shows noncaseating granuloma?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

23 years old African American female fever, weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, cough, chest pain, dyspnea and bilateral hilar adenopathy. There is also elevated serum ACE and hypercalcemia. Lung biopsy shows non-caseating granulomas?

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[q] In sarcoidosis, …………. consist of aggregates of epithelioid cells (activated macrophages) and multinucleated giant cells consistent with chronic granulomatous inflammation.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

27 years old patient who was admitted in ICU due to acute pancreatitis presenting now with acute dyspnea and difficulty to take his breath with low oxygen saturation. Chest X-ray shows bilateral lung opacities “White-out”. Decreased Pao2/Fio2 ratio < 300 with Normal pulmonary capillary wedge?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

2 Weeks child who was porn prematurely presenting with tachypnea and use of accessory muscles, nasal flaring, and grunting and Hypoxemia with cyanosis. CXR shows Diffuse granularity of the lung (‘ground-glass’ appearance)?

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[q] ………….. is administered to pregnant women at risk of premature delivery (before 34 weeks of gestation) to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

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[q] Long exposure to high oxygen saturation in premature infants may cause retinopathy due to …………….?

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